• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Composite Panel and Procedure to obtain it. This composite panel (2) comprises a first reinforcing layer (4) comprising fibers of a first type of fibers (12) and a distance layer (6). The distance layer (6) comprises a distance thermoplastic binder material (20) and fibers of a type of distance layer fiber (22) different from the first type of fibers. Each of the distance layers and the first reinforcing layer comprise only a single type of the selected fiber types of pounds of carbon and natural fibers. Application to panels for the automotive industry. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2736056A2
    申请号:ES201930464
    申请日:2019-05-27
    公开日:2019-12-23
    发明作者:Garcia Carreno Xavier Toneu
    申请人:Faurecia Innenraum Systeme GmbH；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001]
    [0002] Composite Panel and Procedure for obtaining
    [0003]
    [0004] The present invention relates to a composite panel comprising a first reinforcing layer comprising fibers of a first type of fibers, and a distance layer.
    [0005]
    [0006] Background of the invention
    [0007]
    [0008] EP2762623 describes a multi-purpose functional nonwoven fabric comprising two outer layers made of a carbonized fiber cotton layer and an intermediate natural cotton layer. Other fabrics or panels are known from JP2012-193466, US2015 / 064395, DE102014107881A1 and WO2017 / 23764.
    [0009]
    [0010] Description of the invention
    [0011]
    [0012] Known fabrics or panels do not provide complete satisfaction and the objective of the present invention is to provide a panel that is relatively light, rigid and economically manufactured. The panel according to the invention should preferably be ecological and use few resources.
    [0013]
    [0014] In order to achieve at least one of the above objectives, the invention relates to a composite panel, a composite panel as defined above, characterized in that the distance layer comprises a distance thermoplastic binder material and fibers of a type of distance layer fiber different from the first type of fibers and because each of the distance layers and the first reinforcement layer comprises only a single type of the selected fiber types of carbon fibers and natural fibers.
    [0015]
    [0016] According to the specific embodiments, the composite panel according to the invention may comprise one or more of the following characteristics, taken alone or together in all possible technical combinations:
    [0017] - a second reinforcing layer comprising only a single type of the selected fiber types of carbon fibers and natural fibers, whose only type of fibers are fibers of the first type of fibers and in which the distance layer is disposed between the first reinforcement layer and the second reinforcement layer;
    [0018] - the first type of fibers is carbon fiber;
    [0019] - The type of distance layer fiber is natural fiber;
    [0020] - the carbon fibers in the first reinforcement layer amount to at least 35% by weight of the first reinforcement layer;
    [0021] - the carbon fibers in the second reinforcement layer amount to at least 35% by weight of the second reinforcement layer;
    [0022] - the natural fibers in the distance layer amount to between 40% and 60% by weight of the distance layer;
    [0023] - the first reinforcing layer comprises a first thermoplastic binder material, which is the same material as the distance thermoplastic binder material, in particular polypropylene;
    [0024] - the first thermoplastic binder material amounts to 65% by weight of the first reinforcing layer;
    [0025] - the first reinforcing layer comprises a bonding agent adapted to increase the adhesion of the carbon fibers to the first thermoplastic binder material;
    [0026] - the first reinforcement layer and the second reinforcement layer are of identical composition, that is, the chemical composition is identical and / or the first reinforcement layer and the second reinforcement layer have the same thickness;
    [0027] - the first type of fibers are recycled fibers and / or the second type of fibers are recycled fibers;
    [0028] - the distance of the thermoplastic binder material in the distance layer amounts to between 40% and 60% by weight of the distance layer and the second type of fibers in the distance layer amounts to between 40% and 60% by weight of the distance layer.
    [0029]
    [0030] The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a composite panel as defined above, the process comprising the following successive steps:
    [0031] - supply of the first reinforcement layer,
    [0032] - supply of the second reinforcement layer,
    [0033] - supply of the distance layer,
    [0034] - joining the first reinforcement layer, the distance layer and the second reinforcement layer to form a sandwich panel so that the distance layer is disposed between the first reinforcement layer and the second reinforcement layer, and
    [0035] - pressing the sandwich panel to a composite panel.
    [0036] Within the scope of this patent application, the various aspects, embodiments, examples, features and alternatives set forth in the preceding paragraphs, in the claims and / or in the following description and drawings may be taken independently or in any combination thereof. . For example, the features described in connection with an embodiment are applicable to all embodiments, except when there is technical incompatibility of the features. In addition, for any combination of features described, it is contemplated that the features can also be isolated and used individually or as any possible subset of the combination of features.
    [0037]
    [0038] Brief description of the figures
    [0039]
    [0040] The invention will be better understood in light of the following specification of some embodiments, which refers to the accompanying figures showing:
    [0041] - Figure 1 is a schematic view of a cross section of a composite panel according to a first embodiment of the invention;
    [0042] - Figure 2 is a schematic view of a cross section of a composite panel according to a second embodiment of the invention;
    [0043] - Figure 3 is a schematic view of the devices and process steps used to produce a composite panel according to the invention;
    [0044] - Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7 are a schematic view of the process steps and the process devices used to join different portions of a composite panel according to the invention and further process the composite panel.
    [0045]
    [0046] Figure 1 schematically shows in cross-section a portion of a composite panel according to a first embodiment of the invention designated by the general reference 2. The composite panel 2 comprises a first reinforcing layer 4 and a distance layer 6.
    [0047]
    [0048] The composite panel 2 also comprises a decorative layer 10 adjacent to the first reinforcement layer 4, so that the first reinforcement layer 4 is disposed between the decorative layer 10 and the distance layer 6, but the decorative layer 10 can be omitted.
    [0049]
    [0050] Figure 2 shows a second embodiment of a composite panel according to the invention. The difference between the first embodiment and the second embodiment is that the panel Compound 2 of the second embodiment further comprises a second reinforcing layer 8 and does not comprise decorative layer 10.
    [0051]
    [0052] In other words, the composite panel 2 may consist of the first reinforcement layer 4, a distance layer 6 and, optionally, a second reinforcement layer 8 and / or optionally a decorative layer.
    [0053]
    [0054] Description of a preferred embodiment
    [0055]
    [0056] Next, the structure of the first embodiment of the composite panel will be described. This structure also applies to the corresponding portions of the second embodiment.
    [0057]
    [0058] The first reinforcing layer 4 comprises fibers of a first type of fibers 12 and a first thermoplastic binder material 14. The first reinforcing layer 4 can also comprise an optional bonding agent 16 that is adapted to increase the adhesion of the fibers of the first fiber type 12 to the first thermoplastic binder material 14. The first thermoplastic binder material 14 is, in particular, polypropylene, but may also be or comprise other thermoplastic binder materials, such as other polyolefins, polylactic acid, polyamide such as, for example, PA6 or polyester. The fibers of the first type of fibers 12 are advantageously carbon fibers. Carbon fibers may have a diameter between 3 micrometers and 25 micrometers, preferably between 5 micrometers and 15 micrometers. Preferably, the length of the carbon fibers is between 10 mm and 200 mm, more preferably between 40 mm and 120 mm. However, the length of the carbon fibers can also be less than 10 mm. The first reinforcing layer 4 may be nonwoven, for example, a wool or a unidirectional or multidirectional fiber arrangement.
    [0059]
    [0060] The fibers of the first type of fibers 12 in the first reinforcement layer 4 amount to at least 35% by weight of the first reinforcement layer 4. In an embodiment in which the first type of fibers 12 are carbon fibers, the amount of carbon fibers preferably amounts to between 35% and 55% by weight. The first thermoplastic binder material 14 amounts to 65% by weight of the first reinforcement layer 4. Preferably, the first reinforcement layer 4 consists of fibers of the first type of fibers 12 and the first thermoplastic binder material 14 and, optionally, of the agent of Binding 16. Binding agent 16 is, for example, a maleic anhydride and, in particular, is grafted onto the first thermoplastic binder material or otherwise added into or to the binder.
    [0061]
    [0062] The first thermoplastic binder material 14 may be in the form of fibers 18. In particular, these fibers are made of thermoplastic binder material having the bonding agent 16 grafted onto the surface of these fibers. Preferably, the bonding agent is grafted onto the binder material before the binder material is cut into fibers.
    [0063]
    [0064] In addition, the first reinforcing layer 4 comprises only a single type of the selected fiber types of carbon fibers and natural fibers. This means that the first reinforcing layer comprises carbon fibers or natural fibers, but not both types of fibers.
    [0065]
    [0066] According to the first and second embodiment, the first reinforcing layer 4 comprises only carbon fibers and not natural fibers.
    [0067]
    [0068] The fibers of the first type of fibers 12, in particular carbon fibers, are recycled fibers that have been processed by one or more recycling stages. Typically, recycled carbon fibers can be carbon fibers from which a size is removed.
    [0069]
    [0070] The first reinforcing layer 4 may have a thickness between 0.05 mm and 1.0 mm, preferably between 0.1 mm and 0.6 mm.
    [0071]
    [0072] The distance layer 6 is attached or attached to the first reinforcement layer 4 on one side of the first reinforcement layer 4.
    [0073]
    [0074] The distance layer 6 comprises a thermoplastic binder material of distance 20 and fibers of a type of distance layer fiber 22. The type of fiber of the distance layer is a type of fiber that is different from the first type of fibers. The distance layer 6 can be nonwoven.
    [0075]
    [0076] In the present embodiment, the distance layer 6 comprises only a single type of the selected fiber types of carbon fibers and natural fibers. This means that the layer Distance 6 comprises carbon fibers or natural fibers, but not both types of fibers. According to the first and second embodiment, the distance layer 6 comprises only natural fibers and no carbon fiber. Generally, the type of fiber in the distance layer is different from the first type of fibers.
    [0077]
    [0078] Natural fibers are, for example, Liberian fibers such as hemp, flax, kenaf or jute. Liberian fibers typically have a group diameter between 25 micrometers and 200 micrometers, preferably between 50 and 100 micrometers. The length of the groups of Liberian fibers is typically between 30 mm and 150 mm, preferably between 40 mm and 120 mm. Natural fibers can also be wood fibers, preferably softwood fibers such as coniferous fibers. Typically, the diameter of the wood fibers is between 25 micrometers and 300 micrometers, preferably between 50 micrometers and 200 micrometers. The length of the wood fibers is typically between 5 mm and 15 mm, preferably between 9 mm and 12 mm.
    [0079]
    [0080] Fibers of the distance layer fiber type 22 in the distance layer 6 amount to between 40% and 60% by weight of the distance layer 6. Therefore, natural fibers are present between 40% and 60% by weight of the distance layer 6.
    [0081]
    [0082] The distance thermoplastic binder material 20 in the distance layer 6 amounts to between 40% and 60% by weight of the distance layer 6.
    [0083]
    [0084] The distance thermoplastic binder material 20 is advantageously polypropylene, but it can also be another thermoplastic material such as another polyolefin, polyester or polyamide.
    [0085]
    [0086] The distance layer 6 advantageously consists of the distance thermoplastic binder material 20 and the fibers of the distance layer fiber type 22. In addition, the distance layer may comprise a bonding agent to improve adhesion between the fibers and the material thermoplastic binder.
    [0087]
    [0088] Fibers of the distance layer fiber type 22, in particular natural fibers, can be recycled fibers that have been processed by one or more recycling stages. For example, the distance layer may comprise recycled composite material, for example, crushed composite material comprising natural fibers and a binder polymeric In particular, an advantage for the recycled composite material is the waste material from the production of natural fiber composite panels. Granules of such recycled composite material typically have dimensions between 0.1 mm and 3 mm. Recycled fibers are typically shorter than the length mentioned above for non-recycled fibers. Recycled fibers can have a length between 0.1 mm and 3 mm.
    [0089]
    [0090] The distance layer 6 may have a thickness between 0.4 mm and 4.0 mm, preferably a thickness between 0.6 mm and 3.0 mm.
    [0091]
    [0092] The decorative layer 10 is advantageously attached to the first reinforcement layer 4 on the side opposite to the distance layer 6. The decorative layer 10 is, for example, an imitation of PVC leather, a polypropylene (PP) film or leather natural. The decorative layer may comprise a foam layer on its back side that is directed towards the first reinforcing layer.
    [0093]
    [0094] The decorative layer 10 forms a surface of the composite panel 2. The decorative layer 10 may have a thickness between 0.1 mm and 5 mm. Typically, PP-based thick decorative films are between 100 micrometers and 200 micrometers. Other decorative surface layers, such as leather, can have a thickness between 0.5 mm and 1.5 mm, for example, 1.0 mm. The thickness of the decorative layers comprising the decorative surface layer and the foam, is generally between 1.5 mm and 5 mm, preferably between 2 mm and 4 mm.
    [0095]
    [0096] The second embodiment, shown in Figure 2, comprises the following differences with respect to the composite panel of Figure 1, but otherwise is identical to the composite panel of Figure 1.
    [0097]
    [0098] The composite panel 2, as shown in this figure, does not comprise a decorative layer 10, so that the first reinforcing layer 4 forms a visible surface 32 of the composite panel 2. However, such a composite panel may also be covered with a decorative layer
    [0099]
    [0100] The composite panel 2 comprises the second reinforcing layer 8 as mentioned above. The second reinforcing layer 8 is attached to the distance layer 6, so that the distance layer 6 is disposed between the first reinforcement layer 4 and the second reinforcement layer 8.
    [0101]
    [0102] The second reinforcing layer 8 comprises fibers of the first type of fibers 34 and a second thermoplastic binder material 36. This second thermoplastic binder material is preferably the same material as the first thermoplastic binder material, but it can also be a different binder material. The second reinforcing layer 8 may also comprise an optional bonding agent 38 that is adapted to increase the adhesion of the fibers of the first type of fibers 34 to the second thermoplastic binder material 36. The second thermoplastic binder material 36 is in particular polypropylene, but It can also be or comprise other thermoplastic binder materials such as polylactic acid, polyamide or polyester. The second reinforcing layer 8 can be nonwoven.
    [0103]
    [0104] The fibers of the first type of fibers 34 in the second reinforcement layer 8 amount to at least 35% by weight of the second reinforcement layer 8. The second thermoplastic binder material 36 amounts to 65% by weight of the second reinforcement layer. 8. Preferably, the second reinforcing layer 8 consists of fibers of the first type of fibers 34 and the second thermoplastic binder material 36 and, optionally, of the bonding agent 38. The bonding agent 38 is, for example, maleic anhydride and, in particular, it is grafted into the second thermoplastic binder material or otherwise added to or in the second thermoplastic binder material. The bonding agent 38 of the second reinforcing layer 8 may be identical to the bonding agent 16 of the first reinforcing layer 4.
    [0105]
    [0106] The second thermoplastic binder material 36 may be in the form of fibers 40 before lamination of the layers. In particular, these fibers are made of thermoplastic binder material having the bonding agent 38 grafted onto the surface of these fibers. The second thermoplastic material 36 may be selected from the same material classes as the first thermoplastic binder material. More particularly, the second thermoplastic binder material may be the same material as the first thermoplastic binder material.
    [0107] In addition, the second reinforcing layer 8 comprises only a single type of the selected fiber types of carbon fibers and natural fibers. This means that the second reinforcing layer comprises carbon fibers or natural fibers, but not both types of fibers.
    [0108]
    [0109] In the present embodiment, the second reinforcing layer 8 comprises only carbon fibers, but not natural fibers.
    [0110]
    [0111] The fibers of the second type of fibers 34, in particular carbon fibers, are recycled fibers that have been processed by one or more recycling stages.
    [0112]
    [0113] The second reinforcing layer 8 may have a thickness between 0.05 mm and 1.0 mm, preferably between 0.1 mm and 0.6 mm.
    [0114]
    [0115] The first reinforcement layer 4 and the second reinforcement layer 8 are preferably of identical composition. In other words, not only the reinforcing fibers are identical, but also the first thermoplastic binder material and the second thermoplastic binder material are identical and optionally comprise an identical amount and composition of the bonding agent.
    [0116]
    [0117] Furthermore, advantageously, the thickness of the first reinforcing layer 4 and the second reinforcing layer 8 is identical. This allows the reinforcement layer 4 and 8 to be manufactured by the same process, which makes manufacturing economical.
    [0118]
    [0119] In general, the thermoplastic binder material 20 and the first and / or second thermoplastic binder material 14, 36 are identical, or at least compatible so that they are adapted to be welded together by fusion.
    [0120]
    [0121] Therefore, it is compatible with the thermoplastic binder material of reinforcing layers matrix. In addition, the first reinforcement layer 4 and, where applicable, the second reinforcement layer, has or has an elastic modulus E greater than the elastic modulus of the distance layer 6 of the same thickness. More particularly, a composite layer according to the invention has a stiffness that is more than 50% greater than a distance layer having the same thickness. In addition, the thickness of the first reinforcement layer 4 and, where applicable the second reinforcement layer 8, is less than the thickness of the distance layer 6. This helps to achieve a rigid panel that remains light.
    [0122] One or both reinforcing layers can only partially cover the distance layer. Such incorporation may be advantageous in the event that the entire composite panel should not be reinforced or that additional elements should be provided in the composite panel, more particularly in the distance layer.
    [0123]
    [0124] The thermoplastic binder material in any of the layers may comprise additives that are common for commercially available thermoplastics, such as, for example, processing agents and pigments. These possible additives are only present in traces, at most 5% by weight of the thermoplastic material.
    [0125]
    [0126] The composite panel can be covered on one side or both sides with an additional layer, in particular an additional non-woven composite layer. The additional layer or additional layers may be a polyester wool to improve adhesion performance with a decorative material or a substrate.
    [0127]
    [0128] Figure 3 shows the manufacturing steps for the manufacture of a composite panel 2 according to Figure 1.
    [0129]
    [0130] The manufacturing process of the composite panel 2 comprises a first succession of manufacturing steps of a first front part 100 which is a mat comprising fibers of the first type of fibers 12 and the first thermoplastic binder material 14 and, optionally, the bonding agent 16. The first first part 100 is the precursor of the first reinforcing layer 4.
    [0131]
    [0132] The manufacturing process of the composite panel 2 comprises a second sequence of manufacturing steps of a second front part 102, which is the precursor of the distance layer 6.
    [0133]
    [0134] The manufacture of the first first part 100 comprises the following successive stages.
    [0135]
    [0136] In a supply stage 110, waste carbon fiber elements are provided. The waste carbon fiber elements comprise, for example, carbon fibers and a thermoplastic or thermosetting matrix. In a 112 recycling stage, the Waste carbon fiber elements are recycled and non-oriented recycled carbon fibers are obtained 114.
    [0137]
    [0138] In an optional supply stage 116, the first thermoplastic binder material 14 is provided, in particular which optionally comprises the bonding agent 16, and in a step 118 the unoriented recycled carbon fibers 114 and the thermoplastic binder material 14 and the optional bonding agent 16. Optionally, the carbon fibers are not mixed with the binder material, but are laminated in a next stage with a thermoplastic layer that partially penetrates the carbon fiber layer for good adhesion with the layer away
    [0139]
    [0140] The mixture thus obtained from the thermoplastic binder material 14, the recycled carbon fibers 114 and the optional bonding agent 16 is carded in a carding stage 120 thereby obtaining the first first part 100. The first first part 100 is a recycled carbon fiber cloth or mat or, preferably, a cloth containing the recycled carbon fibers and the binder material 14 and the optional bonding agent 16.
    [0141]
    [0142] The second second part 102 is manufactured with the following manufacturing steps.
    [0143]
    [0144] In a step 130 of providing distance layer fibers, in the present embodiment natural fibers are provided. In a delivery step 132 a thermoplastic binder material of distance 20 is provided, in the present embodiment polypropylene fibers are provided.
    [0145]
    [0146] In a step 134, the remote thermoplastic binder material and the distance layer fibers are mixed, thereby obtaining a mixture 136 of non-oriented distance layer fibers and thermoplastic binder material, in particular fibers of binder material. The mixture 136 of non-oriented fibers is carded in a carding stage 138, thereby obtaining a fiber cloth 140. The fiber cloth 140 thus contains the thermoplastic binder material of distance 20 and the fibers of the type of distance layer fiber, being the second type of fibers 22.
    [0147]
    [0148] The fiber cloth 140 is then subjected to a transverse overlap in a cross overlay stage 142, thereby obtaining an overlapping fiber cloth. which is the front part 102 of the distance layer 6. Alternatively, the fiber cloth 140 does not overlap in the overlay 142, but is used directly to produce the composite panel 2.
    [0149]
    [0150] In case the embodiment comprises a previous third part, this previous third part is preferably identical to the first first part. The third part above is shown as 103 in Figure 4 (see below). However, the third third part 103 may also be different because it comprises, for example, a different thermoplastic binder and / or a different bonding agent.
    [0151]
    [0152] The first anterior part 100 thus obtained, the second anterior part 102 and possibly the third anterior part 103, which are respectively the precursors of the first reinforcing layer 4, the distance layer 6 and the second layer of reinforcement 8, are then joined in a joint stage 150 by the use of a joint device 152. At the end of the joint stage 150, panel 2 is obtained. In Figure 3, only the joint of the first is shown previous part 100 and the second second part 102. The union of the first first part 100, the second second part 102 and the third third part 103 is achieved in a similar manner.
    [0153]
    [0154] Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7 show a schematic view of the process steps and the process devices used to join different portions of a composite panel according to the invention and further process the composite panel. The figures show in particular process steps and process devices used for the realization of the joint stage 150 by the joint device 152.
    [0155]
    [0156] According to the embodiment of Fig. 4, the connecting device 152 comprises a rolling device 170 comprising an upper belt 172 and a lower belt 174. The rolling device 170 also comprises a heating section 176 and a cooling section 178.
    [0157]
    [0158] The first first part 100 is provided by a previous source 180 and the second previous part 102 is provided by a previous source 182. The sources are, for example, the output of the steps shown in Figure 3.
    [0159] As illustrated in broken lines, the previous third part 103, can be provided by an additional front source 183. Preferably, the previous three parts 100, 102, 103 are provided in conjunction with the laminating device. Alternatively, the previous third part 103 is laminated to the laminate of the first and the second second part 100, 102 at a next stage.
    [0160]
    [0161] The laminating device 170 is adapted to press the first anterior part 100 and the second anterior part 102 and, optionally, the third third part 103, against each other by using the laminating device and to heat them in the heating section 176. Preferably, the previous third part 103 is laminated together with the first and second previous in a single stage of the process. The heating section 176 is adapted and used to heat the first first part 100 and the second second part 102 and, optionally, the third third part 103, at a melting temperature of the binder material (s) thermoplastic (s) in the anterior parts. The cooling section 178 is adapted and used to cool the hot assembly of the first and second front parts 100, 102 and, optionally, of the third third part 103, leaving the heating section at a temperature below the temperature for melting the thermoplastic binder material (s), thereby obtaining a web of joined precursors 184 which can then be cut into composite panels 2 by the use of a cutting device 186.
    [0162]
    [0163] The embodiment of Figure 5 comprises the following differences compared to the embodiment of Figure 4. Similar elements bear the same references.
    [0164]
    [0165] The joining device 152 comprises a calendar device 170 having heated cylinders 172 and 174. The fabric of joined precursors 184 is wound in a winder 186.
    [0166]
    [0167] The embodiment of Figure 6 comprises the following differences compared to the embodiment of Figures 4 and 5. Similar elements bear the same references.
    [0168]
    [0169] The front parts 100 and 102 and, optionally, 103 are cut into mats before joining them. The anterior mats are joined in a calibration device 170 and subsequently formed in a forming device 190.
    [0170] The embodiment of Figure 7 comprises the following differences compared to the embodiment of Figures 4 to 6. Similar elements bear the same references.
    [0171]
    [0172] The previous 100 and 102 and, optionally, 103 are cut into mats before joining them. The anterior mats 100, 102 and, optionally, 103 are joined, for example, by puncturing, and are introduced into a calibration device 170 where the previous mats joined 100, 102 and, optionally, 103 are preheated and calibrated. The calibrated anterior mats 100, 102 and, optionally, 103 are then provided with a decorative layer 10 by means of a device 200 and subsequently formed in a forming device 190 together with the decorative layer 10.
    [0173]
    [0174] Alternatively, the calibrated anterior mats 100, 102 and, optionally, 103 are subsequently formed in a forming device 190 without a decorative layer 10.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    1 Composite panel (2) comprising
    - a first reinforcing layer (4) comprising fibers of a first type of fibers (12), and
    - a layer of distance (6),
    characterized because
    the distance layer (6) comprises a distance thermoplastic binder material (20) and fibers of a type of distance layer fiber (22) different from the first type of fibers and because
    each of the distance layers and the first reinforcing layer comprises only a single type of the selected fiber types of carbon fibers and natural fibers.
    [2]
    2. - Composite panel according to claim 1, further comprising a second reinforcing layer (8) comprising only a single type of the selected fiber types of carbon fibers and natural fibers, whose only type of fibers are fibers of the first type of fibers and in which the distance layer is disposed between the first reinforcement layer (4) and the second reinforcement layer (8).
    [3]
    3. - Composite panel according to claim 2, wherein
    The first type of fibers is carbon fiber,
    The fiber type of the distance layer is natural fiber,
    the carbon fibers in the first reinforcement layer (4) amount to at least 35% by weight of the first reinforcement layer,
    the carbon fibers in the second reinforcement layer (8) amount to at least 35% by weight of the second reinforcement layer (8),
    The natural fibers in the distance layer amount to between 40% and 60% by weight of the distance layer.
    [4]
    4. - Composite panel according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the first reinforcing layer (4) comprises a first thermoplastic binder material (14), which is the same material as the distance thermoplastic binder material, in particular, polypropylene.
    [5]
    5. - Composite panel according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the first thermoplastic binder material (14) amounts to 65% by weight of the first reinforcing layer.
    [6]
    6. - Composite panel according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the first reinforcing layer (8) comprises a bonding agent (38) adapted to increase the adhesion of the carbon fibers to the first thermoplastic binder material.
    [7]
    7. - Composite panel according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the first reinforcing layer (4) and the second reinforcing layer (8) are of identical composition, that is, the chemical composition is identical and / or the first layer of reinforcement (4) and the second reinforcement layer (8) have the same thickness.
    [8]
    8. - Composite panel according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the first type of fibers are recycled fibers and / or the second type of fibers are recycled fibers.
    [9]
    9. - Composite panel according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the distance thermoplastic binder material (20) in the distance layer amounts to between 40% and 60% by weight of the distance layer and the second type of fibers of the distance layer (22) amounts to between 40% and 60% by weight of the distance layer.
    [10]
    10. - Method of obtaining a composite panel according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by the successive steps of
    - supply of the first reinforcement layer (4),
    - supply of the second reinforcing layer (8),
    - supply of the distance layer (6),
    - joining the first reinforcement layer, the distance layer and the second reinforcement layer to form a sandwich panel so that the distance layer is disposed between the first reinforcement layer and the second reinforcement layer, and
    - pressing the sandwich panel to a composite panel.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN110576650A|2019-12-17|
    ES2736056R1|2020-01-13|
    DE102018113890A1|2019-12-12|
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102018113890.3A|DE102018113890A1|2018-06-11|2018-06-11|Composite panel and corresponding manufacturing process|
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